philbymon wrote:I'll probably get slammed on this, but I had mixed feelings about MLK...it wasn't his fault, really, it was just what he was used to...
I think it was that whole Southern Baptist way of speaking that really got ppl all fired up...it was close to inciting them to violence...and then he'd say in a low voice something along the lines of "but we must do it peacefully"...it was genius
You are mistaken. It is an interesting hypothesis, from a superficial examination of facts, but if you study Dr. King's writings and beliefs, you could never come to that conclusion.
His greatest influences in his beliefs on how to exact change in society, are based on the actions of two figures... Jesus and Ghandi.
He saw in them, two personalities, rooted in religion, that succeeded in making phenomenal and world-changing successes. He realized that they accomplished this through the power of non-violence. He came to understand that it was truly a "power", a "force" for change, that was not antithetical to religious principles.
It required no weapons. No military alliances.
It required one thing...
Suffering
King did not happen upon the method of non-violence haphazzardly. It was brought about as a personal conviction over time, while studying theology in seminary. King desired to bring about change for good, and being African American, naturally, this centered on race relations, on the injustices suffered by people of color. While he believed in the biblical principles of "love your enemies" and "turn the other cheek", he came to a belief that these principles were practical in personal relationships, but not in the context of national or global issues. In other words, if we just love our enemy and turn the other cheek, this is effectively, a license for those in power to continue abusing the weak. Why change the circumstances of the black or the poor? "Look at them, they love us. They take whatever we ask of them without complaint."
He realized that society would never change like that. That resistance to evil was neccessary, where these kinds of larger issues were involved, that acceptance of our circumstances was not a practical option for change.
The question was "How do we resist?" and being a man of God, "How we do resist in a godly way? A way that is compatible with belief in God?"
In studying Ghandi's teachings, he came across the term satyagraha, according to Ghandi, meaning truth-force, love-force and soul-force. This struck him profoundly. And he came to believe that the power of Ghandi's non-violent approach, was in the christian doctrine of "love" working THROUGH the technique of non-violence. It was love through non-violent protest, that empowered it.
He came to believe this was the ONLY way to create change.
He then developed six points, he considered essential within the strategy of non-violent resistance. Things like... non-violence is perceived as weakness, but it is not weakness, as it requires incredible strength to absorb suffering, while resisting, and not respond back in violence. The person is not merely taking beatings from a position of weakness, but they are NOT giving in, they are RESISTING. In doing so, another of his points, is that this would have to result in moral outrage eventually. Basically "moral shame" would result, which was another of his six points.
So, King truly believed in non-violence. He had no agenda to the contrary, secret or otherwise. The fact is, that for King, violence would DEFEAT the very principles and strategy he was staking his life, and the lives of others on. This, in King's mind, would rob them of victory.
You are right, that King's sermons and speeches are meant to charge the listener emotionally, but you are wrong about it's purpose. King had to pump up those participating in non-violence, to STRENGTHEN them, not toward violence, but to be able to ENDURE suffering. He had to remind them, of the goal. Equality. Not just for them, but for successive generations of people of color, their children and grandchildren. He strengthened them with his words, so they would continue to endure the suffering, and not lose faith in the cause.
One of the famous marching song's main lyrics...
"Keep your eyes on the prize... hold on"
This song, adapted from an american folk song "Keep Your Hand on the Plow" was meant for the same purpose, and holds the same message... "Endure, endure, don't quit before we get victory!"
This was the purpose of King making rousing sermons. King knew, that every time violence errupted, it set the movement back, and just made things longer and more difficult for them. King NEVER desired violence to occur. The synthesis he saw in Ghandi's teachings and Christian love, was profound, and even sacred to him. He constantly demanded of his followers, not to betray the strategy, in his mind, the ONLY strategy, that would bring victory to the cause.