No, only the sender has to be a premium member. But the person you send the message to has to be active to see it! They can set their options so they receive an email when there's a message, or so they get no emails, and they would only see the message when they logged into BM. And many people set up their profiles here, then disappear.
My reverbnation site: http://www.reverbnation.com/mikebirchmusic
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/mikebirchmusic
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/mikebirchmusic
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/mikebirchmusic
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/mikebirchmusic